SAIC MAXUS V80 Ihe nkwụnye ọkụ nke izizi - National ise 0281002667

Ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ Camshaft bụ ngwaọrụ na-ahụ ihe, nke a na-akpọkwa ihe mmetụta mgbaàmà synchronous, ọ bụ ngwaọrụ ntinye ịkpa ókè cylinder, ntinye ọnọdụ camshaft na ECU, bụ akara njikwa ọkụ.

1, ọrụ na ụdị Camshaft Position Sensor (CPS), ọrụ ya bụ ịnakọta akara ngosi Camshaft na-akpụ akpụ, yana ntinye njikwa eletrọnịkị (ECU), iji chọpụta oge mgbanye na oge ịgbanye mmanụ.A na-akpọkwa ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ Camshaft (CPS) dị ka Cylinder Identification Sensor (CIS), iji mata ọdịiche dị na crankshaft Position Sensor (CPS), CIS na-anọchi anya sensọ ọnọdụ Camshaft.Ọrụ nke camshaft ọnọdụ ihe mmetụta bụ ịnakọta akara ọnọdụ nke camshaft nkesa gas wee tinye ya na ECU, nke mere na ECU nwere ike ịchọpụta mkpakọ n'elu nwụrụ anwụ nke cylinder 1, ka o wee rụọ usoro nchịkwa mmanụ ọkụ, njikwa oge mgbanye na njikwa deignition.Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikwa akara ngosi ọnọdụ camshaft iji chọpụta oge mgbanye mbụ n'oge ịmalite injin.N'ihi na camshaft ọnọdụ ihe mmetụta nwere ike ịmata nke cylinder piston na-achọ iru TDC, ọ na-akpọ cylinder ude sensọ.photoelectricStructural e ji mara Photoelectric crankshaft na camshaft ọnọdụ ihe mmetụta nke Nissan ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta na-mma site na nkesa, tumadi site na mgbaama disk (signal rotor). ), Onye na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà, ngwa nkesa nkesa, ụlọ ihe mmetụta na eriri eriri waya. Diski mgbaàmà bụ rotor mgbaàmà nke ihe mmetụta, nke a na-agbanye na ogwe ihe mmetụta.N'ọnọdụ dị nso na nsọtụ nke efere mgbaàmà iji mee ka etiti etiti radian n'ime na n'èzí okirikiri abụọ nke oghere ọkụ.N'ime ha, a na-eme mgbanaka dị n'èzí na oghere oghere 360 ​​(ọpụpụ), na radian etiti oge bụ 1. (Oghere transparent nke 0.5., oghere shading 0.5.) , na-emepụta ntụgharị crankshaft na mgbaàmà ọsọ ọsọ;Enwere oghere 6 doro anya (rectangular L) na mgbanaka dị n'ime, yana oge nke radian 60., A na-eji emepụta TDC mgbaàmà nke cylinder ọ bụla, n'ime nke a nwere rectangle nwere ihu obosara dị ntakịrị ogologo oge maka ịmepụta akara TDC nke cylinder 1. A na-edozi onye na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà na ụlọ ihe mmetụta, nke mejupụtara Ne signal (ọsọ na ngwa ngwa). Angle mgbama) generator, G mgbaàmà (top nwụrụ anwụ center mgbaàmà) generator na mgbaama nhazi circuit.Ne signal na G mgbaàmà generator na-emi esịnede a ìhè emitting diode (LED) na a photosensitive transistor (ma ọ bụ photosensitive diode), abụọ LED ozugbo chere ihu abụọ photosensitive transistor n'otu n'otu. The ọrụ ụkpụrụ nkeThe mgbama diski n'ịnyịnya n'etiti a ìhè-emitting diode. (LED) na transistor photosensitive (ma ọ bụ photodiode).Mgbe oghere nnyefe ọkụ na diski mgbaama na-agbagharị n'etiti LED na transistor photosensitive, ìhè nke ọkụ ọkụ na-enye ọkụ ga-enwupụta transistor photosensitive, n'oge a, transistor photosensitive dị na, onye nchịkọta ya na-emepụta ọkwa dị ala (0.1 ~ O. 3V);Mgbe akụkụ shading nke diski mgbaama na-atụgharị n'etiti LED na transistor photosensitive, ọkụ ọkụ nke LED na-ebunye enweghị ike ime ka transistor fotosenitive ìhè, n'oge a, transistor photosensitive ebipụ, onye na-anakọta ya na-arụpụta ọkwa dị elu (4.8 ~ 5.2V). Ọ bụrụ na diski mgbama na-aga n'ihu na-atụgharị, oghere nnyefe na akụkụ shading ga-atụgharị LED ka ọ bụrụ nnyefe ma ọ bụ shading, na onye na-anakọta transistor photosensitive ga-ewepụtakwa ọkwa dị elu na nke dị ala.Mgbe axis sensọ na crankshaft na camshaft na-agbagharị na, oghere mgbaàmà na efere ahụ na akụkụ shading n'etiti LED na transistor photosensitive na-atụgharị, efere ọkụ ọkụ LED nke dị ize ndụ na ìhè na mmetụta shading ga-agbanwe irradiation na onye na-emepụta ihe nke photosensitive. transistor, a na-emepụta ihe mmetụta sensọ na ọnọdụ crankshaft na camshaft kwekọrọ na akara ngosi pulse. Ebe ọ bụ na crankshaft na-atụgharị ugboro abụọ, ihe mmetụta sensọ na-emegharị mgbaàmà ahụ otu ugboro, ya mere ihe mmetụta G ga-eme ka ọkpụkpụ isii.Ne signal sensọ ga-emepụta 360 pulse akara.N'ihi na etiti radian nke oghere na-ebufe ọkụ nke mgbaàmà G bụ 60. Na 120 kwa ntụgharị nke crankshaft.Ọ na-emepụta mgbama mkpali, yabụ, a na-akpọkarị mgbama G 120. Mgbama.Nkwenye nrụnye imewe 120. Signal 70 tupu TDC.(BTDC70., na mgbaàmà eme site transparent oghere na a ubé ogologo akụkụ anọ obosara kwekọrọ 70 tupu n'elu nwụrụ anwụ center nke engine cylinder 1. Ya mere na ECU nwere ike ịchịkwa injection tupu Angle na mgbanye ọganihu Angle. N'ihi Ne mgbaàmà transmittance oghere. etiti etiti radian bụ 1. (Oghere transperent na-egosi 0.5., oghere shading na-agụta 0.5.) , Ya mere, na okirikiri pulse ọ bụla, ọkwa dị elu na ọkwa dị ala maka 1 n'otu n'otu. Crankshaft ntụgharị, akara 360 na-egosi ntụgharị crankshaft 720. ntụgharị nke crankshaft bụ 120., G signal sensọ na-emepụta otu mgbaàmà, Ne signal sensọ na-emepụta akara 60. Ụdị induction magnetik induction ọnọdụ ihe mmetụta nwere ike kewaa n'ime ụdị Ụlọ Nzukọ na ụdị magnetoelectric. , dị ka egosiri na eserese 1. Nke ikpeazụ na-eji ụkpụrụ nke induction magnetik na-emepụta akara ọnọdụ nke njupụta ya dịgasị iche iche na ugboro ole njupụta ya dịgasị iche site na ọsọ site na ọtụtụ narị millivolts ruo ọtụtụ narị volts, njupụta na-agbanwe nke ukwuu.Ihe na-esonụ bụ nkọwa zuru ezu maka ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke ihe mmetụta: Ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke ụzọ nke eriri magnetik na-agafe bụ oghere ikuku n'etiti oghere magnet N na-adịgide adịgide na rotor, ezé nke rotor salient, ọdịiche ikuku n'etiti rotor salient eze na stator magnetik isi, magnetik isi, magnetik ndu efere na magnet S ogwe na-adịgide adịgide.Mgbe rotor mgbama na-atụgharị, oghere ikuku na sekit magnetik ga-agbanwe kwa oge, na nguzogide magnetik nke sekit magnetik na ntụgharị magnet site na isi mgbama ga-agbanwe kwa oge.Dị ka ụkpụrụ nke induction electromagnetic si dị, a ga-eme ka ike electromotive ọzọ na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-ahụ anya. Mgbe rotor mgbaàmà na-atụgharị na elekere elekere, oghere ikuku n'etiti ezé rotor convex na isi magnet na-ebelata, nkwụsị nke magnetik na-ebelata, mgbatị magnetik φ na-abawanye, mgbanwe mgbanwe mgbanwe ọnụego na-abawanye (dφ/dt>0), na ike electromotive e mere ka ọ dị mma (E>0).Mgbe convex ezé nke rotor dị nso na nsọtụ nke isi magnetik, magnetik flux φ na-abawanye nke ọma, mgbanwe mgbanwe mgbanwe bụ nke kasị ukwuu [D φ/dt=(dφ/dt) Max], na ike electromotive E na-akpata. Nke kachasị elu (E=Emax).Mgbe rotor na-agbagharị gburugburu ọnọdụ nke isi B, ọ bụ ezie na magnetik flux φ ka na-abawanye, ma ọnụego mgbanwe nke magnetik flux na-ebelata, ya mere, ike electromotive E na-eme ka ọ na-ebelata. Mgbe rotor na-atụgharị na etiti etiti nke eze convex. na ahịrị etiti nke isi magnetik, ọ bụ ezie na ọdịiche dị n'etiti ezé rotor convex na isi magnet bụ nke kacha nta, nguzogide magnetik nke sekit magnetik bụ nke kacha nta, na flux magnetik φ bụ nke kasị ukwuu, ma n'ihi na magnetik. flux enweghị ike ịga n'ihu na-abawanye, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mgbanwe nke magnetik flux bụ efu, ya mere, ike electromotive na-akpali E bụ zero. Mgbe rotor na-aga n'ihu na-atụgharị n'akụkụ elekere elekere na ezé convex na-ahapụ isi magnetik, ọdịiche ikuku n'etiti convex eze na isi magnetik na-abawanye, ike ndọta magnetik na-abawanye, na ike ndọta na-ebelata (dφ/dt< 0), ya mere ike electrodynamic E mere ka ọ dị njọ.Mgbe ezé convex na-atụgharị na nsọtụ nke ịhapụ isi magnetik, flux magnetik φ na-ebelata nke ọma, mgbanwe mgbanwe mgbanwe na-erute ihe na-adịghị mma [D φ/df=-(dφ/dt) Max], na ike electromotive E kpatara. na-erukwa ihe na-adịghị mma (E = -emax) .Ya mere enwere ike ịhụ na oge ọ bụla rotor mgbaàmà na-atụgharị ezé convex, eriri sensọ ga-emepụta ike eletrik na-agbanwe oge oge, ya bụ, ike electromotive na-egosi oke na a. uru kacha nta, eriri igwe sensọ ga-ewepụta mgbama voltaji na-agbanwe agbanwe kwekọrọ.Uru pụtara ìhè nke ihe mmetụta induction magnetik bụ na ọ chọghị inye ike mpụga, magnet na-adịgide adịgide na-arụ ọrụ nke ịtụgharị ike igwe ka ọ bụrụ ike eletriki, ike ndọta ya agaghị efu.Mgbe ọsọ engine na-agbanwe, ntụgharị ntụgharị nke ezé convex nke rotor ga-agbanwe, na mgbanwe mgbanwe mgbanwe na isi ga-agbanwekwa.Nke dị elu na-agba ọsọ, na-abawanye ụba mgbanwe mgbanwe mgbanwe, nke dị elu na induction electromotive ike na ihe mmetụta coil. Ebe ọ bụ na ikuku dị n'etiti rotor convex ezé na isi magnetik na-emetụta kpọmkwem ihe mgbochi magnetik nke magnetik magnet na mmepụta voltaji nke. eriri ihe mmetụta, oghere ikuku n'etiti ezé rotor convex na isi magnet enweghị ike ịgbanwe ma ọ bụrụ na ejiri ya mee ihe.Ọ bụrụ na oghere ikuku na-agbanwe, a ghaghị imezi ya dịka ndokwa.The ikuku ọdịiche bụ n'ozuzu haziri n'ime nso nke 0.2 ~ 0.4mm.2) Jetta, Santana ụgbọ ala magnetik induction crankshaft ọnọdụ sensọ1) Structure atụmatụ nke crankshaft ọnọdụ ihe mmetụta: The magnetik induction crankshaft ọnọdụ ihe mmetụta nke Jetta AT, GTX na Santana 2000GSi arụnyere na cylinder ngọngọ nso ipigide na crankcase, nke bụ tumadi esịnede mgbaàmà generator na mgbaàmà rotor.The mgbaàmà generator na-bolted na engine ngọngọ na mejupụtara magnetik na-adịgide adịgide, na-aghọta coils, na wiring njikota plọg.A na-akpọkwa eriri igwe na-ahụ ihe mgbama, na isi ndọta na-ejikọta na magnet na-adịgide adịgide.The magnetik isi bụ kpọmkwem n'ihu nha nha disk ụdị mgbaama rotor arụnyere na crankshaft, na magnetik isi ejikọrọ na magnetik yoke (magnetic ndu efere) na-etolite a magnetik ndu loop.The mgbama rotor bụ nke toothed diski ụdị, na 58 Ezé convex, 57 obere ezé na otu eze ukwu gbakọrọ n'okirikiri ya.Nnukwu nha nha na-efunahụ nrịbama ntinye aka, dabara na injin cylinder 1 ma ọ bụ cylinder 4 mkpakọ TDC tupu akụkụ ụfọdụ.Radians nke ezé ndị bụ isi bụ ndị nke ezé convex abụọ na obere ezé atọ.N'ihi na rotor mgbaàmà na-atụgharị na crankshaft, na crankshaft na-atụgharị otu ugboro (360)., rotor mgbaama na-atụgharịkwa otu ugboro (360)., ya mere, crankshaft rotation Angle nwere convex ezé na nha nha nha na gburugburu nke rotor mgbaàmà bụ 360. )., The crankshaft Angle gụrụ site na isi ntụpọ nha nha bụ 15. (2 x 3. + 3 x3. = 15)..2) crankshaft ọnọdụ ihe mmetụta na-arụ ọrụ ọnọdụ: mgbe crankshaft ọnọdụ ihe mmetụta na crankshaft na-atụgharị, ụkpụrụ na-arụ ọrụ nke magnetik induction sensọ, mgbaàmà nke rotor nke ọ bụla tụgharịrị a convex eze, na-achọpụta eriri igwe ga-emepụta oge ọzọ emf (electromotive ike). na kacha na opekempe), eriri igwe na-ewepụta mgbama voltaji ọzọ n'otu aka ahụ.N'ihi na a na-enye rotor mgbaama na nnukwu ezé iji mepụta akara ngosi, ya mere, mgbe nnukwu eze na-atụgharị isi magnetik, voltaji mgbaama na-ewe ogologo oge, ya bụ, mgbaàmà mmepụta bụ nnukwu mgbama pulse, nke kwekọrọ na ya. ụfọdụ akụkụ tupu cylinder 1 ma ọ bụ cylinder 4 mkpakọ TDC.Mgbe igwe njikwa eletrọnịkị (ECU) na-enweta akara ngosi pulse sara mbara, ọ nwere ike ịmara na ọnọdụ TDC kacha elu nke cylinder 1 ma ọ bụ 4 na-abịa.Banyere ọnọdụ TDC na-abịa nke cylinder 1 ma ọ bụ 4, ọ kwesịrị ikpebi dabere na ntinye mgbaàmà sitere na ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ camshaft.Ebe ọ bụ na rotor mgbaàmà nwere 58 convex ezé, eriri ihe mmetụta ga-emepụta 58 mgbanwe voltaji mgbaàmà maka mgbanwe ọ bụla nke rotor mgbaàmà (otu mgbanwe nke engine crankshaft) Oge ọ bụla rotor mgbaàmà na-atụgharị n'akụkụ engine crankshaft, ihe mmetụta eriri igwe na-azụ 58. na-abanye n'ime igwe njikwa eletrọnịkị (ECU).Ya mere, maka akara 58 ọ bụla natara site na ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ crankshaft, ECU maara na crankshaft engine agbanweela otu ugboro.Ọ bụrụ na ECU na-enweta akara ngosi 116000 site na ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ crankshaft n'ime 1min, ECU nwere ike gbakọọ na ọsọ crankshaft n bụ 2000 (n=116000/58=2000) r/mmiri;Ọ bụrụ na ECU na-enweta akara 290,000 kwa nkeji site na ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ crankshaft, ECU na-agbakọ ọsọ crank nke 5000 (n= 29000/58 = 5000) r/min.N'ụzọ dị otú a, ECU nwere ike gbakọọ ọsọ nke crankshaft ntụgharị dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke pulse mgbaàmà natara kwa nkeji si crankshaft ọnọdụ sensọ.Ngosipụta ọsọ nke engine na akara ibu bụ ihe kacha mkpa na isi akara akara nke sistemụ njikwa eletrọnịkị, ECU nwere ike gbakọọ paramita njikwa atọ dị ka akara abụọ a si dị: isi injection tupu Angle (oge), isi mgbanye tupu Angle (oge) na njikwa ọkụ. Angle (mgbanye eriri igwe bụ isi ugbu a na oge) .Jetta AT na GTx, Santana 2000GSi ụgbọ ala magnetik induction ụdị crankshaft ọnọdụ sensọ mgbama rotor eme site na mgbama dị ka akara ngosi, ECU akara nke mmanụ ụgbọala igba injection oge na mgbanye oge dabere na mgbaàmà emepụtara. site na mgbama.Mgbe ECu na-enweta akara ngosi nke nnukwu nha nha nha na-ebute, ọ na-achịkwa oge mgbanye, oge ịgbanye mmanụ ọkụ na oge ngbanwe nke isi ugbu a nke eriri mgbanye ọkụ (ya bụ, conduction Angle) dị ka obere akara ntụpọ nha nha.3) Ụgbọ ala Toyota. TCCS magnetik induction crankshaft na camshaft ọnọdụ sensọToyota Computer Control System (1FCCS) na-eji magnetik induction crankshaft na camshaft ọnọdụ ihe mmetụta gbanwere site na nkesa, nwere akụkụ elu na ala.A na-ekewa akụkụ nke elu n'ime akara ngosi crankshaft ọnọdụ nchọpụta (ya bụ njirimara cylinder na akara TDC, nke a maara dị ka mgbaàmà G) generator;A na-ekewa akụkụ nke ala n'ime ọsọ crankshaft na mgbama nkuku (a na-akpọ Ne signal) generator.1) Nhazi njirimara nke Ne signal generator: Ne signal generator arụnyere n'okpuru G signal generator, tumadi mejupụtara No. 2 signal rotor, Ne sensọ eriri igwe na. isi ndọta.A na-edozi rotor mgbaàmà na ogwe ihe mmetụta, ihe mmetụta ihe mmetụta na-ebugharị site na nkesa gas nkesa camshaft, njedebe elu nke ogwe ahụ nwere isi ọkụ, rotor nwere 24 convex ezé.A na-edozi eriri igwe na-ahụ anya na isi ihe ndọta n'ime ụlọ ihe mmetụta, na isi ihe ndọta na-edozi n'ime eriri mmetụta.2) ọsọ ọsọ na usoro akara ngosi nke Angle na usoro njikwa: mgbe engine crankshaft, valve camshaft sensọ na-egosi, mgbe ahụ, ụgbọala rotor. ntụgharị, rotor na-apụta ezé na oghere ikuku n'etiti isi magnetik na-agbanwe ọzọ, na-achọpụta eriri igwe na ngbanwe magnetik na-agbanwe ọzọ, mgbe ahụ ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke ihe mmetụta induction magnet na-egosi na n'ime eriri igwe na-ahụ ihe nwere ike ịmepụta ike electromotive ọzọ.N'ihi na rotor mgbaàmà nwere ezé convex 24, eriri ihe mmetụta ga-emepụta akara 24 ọzọ mgbe rotor na-atụgharị otu ugboro.Mgbanwe ọ bụla nke ogwe ihe mmetụta (360).Nke a bụ ihe nhata na mgbanwe abụọ nke crankshaft engine (720)., ya mere mgbaama ọzọ (ya bụ oge mgbaama) dabara na ntụgharị crank nke 30. (720. Ugbu a 24 = 30)., kwekọrọ na ntụgharị nke isi ọkụ 15. (30. Ugbu a 2 = 15)..Mgbe ECU na-enweta akara 24 site na onye na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà Ne, enwere ike ịmara na crankshaft na-atụgharị ugboro abụọ na isi mgbanye na-atụgharị otu ugboro.Mmemme ime ECU nwere ike gbakọọ ma chọpụta ọsọ crankshaft injin yana ịgbanye ọsọ isi dịka oge okirikiri mgbama Ne ọ bụla.Iji n'ụzọ ziri ezi chịkwaa mgbanye advance Angle na mmanụ ụgbọala injection advance Angle, crankshaft Angle nwere site ọ bụla mgbaama okirikiri (30. The nkuku ndị nta. Ọ bụ nnọọ adaba iji rụzuo ọrụ a site microcomputer, na ugboro nkesa ga-egosi onye ọ bụla Ne. (crank Angle 30) Ọ na-ekewa n'otu aka ahụ n'ime 30 pulse signals, na nke ọ bụla pulse mgbaama bụ otu crank Angle 1. (30. Present 30 = 1). pulse signal kwekọrọ na crankshaft Angle nke 0.5. (30. ÷60= 0.5. A na-ekpebi ebe a kapịrị ọnụ site n'usoro a chọrọ kpọmkwem na nhazi mmemme. ọnọdụ nke piston top dead center (TDC) wee chọpụta nke cylinder na-achọ ịbịarute ọnọdụ TDC na akara ngosi ndị ọzọ.G mgbaàmà generator mejupụtara No. 1 mgbaàmà rotor, sensọ eriri igwe G1, G2 na magnetik isi, wdg The mgbaama rotor nwere abụọ flanges na-obere na sensọ aro.Igwe ihe mmetụta G1 na G2 na-ekewa site na ogo 180.Ịrị elu, eriri igwe G1 na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà kwekọrọ na engine nke isii cylinder compression top dead center 10. Ihe mgbaàmà nke G2 coil kwekọrọ na loO tupu mkpakọ TDC nke mbụ cylinder nke engine.4) Nchọpụta cylinder na akara ngosi etiti nwụrụ anwụ. Ụkpụrụ ọgbọ na usoro nchịkwa: ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke G signal generator bụ otu nke Ne signal generator.Mgbe igwe camshaft nke injin na-eme ka ogwe ihe mmetụta na-atụgharị, flange nke rotor mgbaàmà G (No. 1 signal rotor) na-agafe isi magnetik nke eriri sensọ ọzọ, oghere ikuku n'etiti flange rotor na isi magnet na-agbanwe ọzọ. , na mgbama ike electromotive ọzọ ka a ga-akpalite na igwe nhụta Gl na G2.Mgbe akụkụ flange nke G signal rotor dị nso na isi magnetik nke sensing coil G1, a na-emepụta akara ngosi dị mma na eriri igwe G1, nke a na-akpọ akara G1, n'ihi na oghere ikuku n'etiti flange na isi magnetik na-ebelata, Igwe ndọta na-abawanye na mgbanwe mgbanwe ndọta dị mma.Mgbe akụkụ flange nke G mgbaàmà rotor dị nso na igwe nghọta G2, ọdịiche ikuku dị n'etiti flange na isi ndọta na-ebelata ma ndọta na-abawanye.