Nkwụnye ọkụ SAIC MAXUS V80 nke mbụ maka akara ngosi - National ise 0281002667

Ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ Camshaft bụ ngwaọrụ mmetụta, nke a na-akpọkwa ihe mmetụta mgbaàmà synchronous, ọ bụ ngwaọrụ nhazi ịkpa ókè silinda, ihe mgbaàmà ọnọdụ camshaft ntinye na ECU, bụ ihe mgbaàmà njikwa ọkụ.

1, ọrụ na ụdị Camshaft Position Sensor (CPS), ọrụ ya bụ ịchịkọta akara Camshaft na-agagharị agagharị, na nkeji njikwa eletrọnịkị (ECU), iji chọpụta oge mgbanye na oge mgbanye mmanụ. A makwaara Camshaft Position Sensor (CPS) dị ka Cylinder Identification Sensor (CIS), iji mata ọdịiche dị na crankshaft Position Sensor (CPS), a na-anọchite anya sensọ ọnọdụ Camshaft n'ozuzu site na CIS. Ọrụ nke sensọ ọnọdụ camshaft bụ ịchịkọta akara ọnọdụ nke camshaft nkesa gas wee tinye ya na ECU, ka ECU wee nwee ike ịchọpụta etiti mkpọchi elu nke cylinder 1, iji mee njikwa ntinye mmanụ ọkụ n'usoro, njikwa oge mgbanye na njikwa deignition. Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikwa akara ọnọdụ camshaft iji chọpụta oge mgbanye mbụ n'oge mmalite injin. Ebe ọ bụ na ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ camshaft nwere ike ịchọpụta piston silinda nke ga-eru TDC, a na-akpọ ya ihe mmetụta njirimara silinda. Fotoelectric Njirimara nhazi nke ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ fotoelectric na ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ camshaft nke ụlọ ọrụ Nissan mepụtara ka mma site na onye nkesa, ọkachasị site na diski mgbaàmà (rotor mgbaàmà), ihe na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà, ngwa nkesa, ebe nchekwa sensọ na plọg waya. Diski mgbaàmà bụ rotor mgbaàmà nke ihe mmetụta ahụ, nke a na-agbanye na ogwe ihe mmetụta ahụ. N'ọnọdụ dị nso na nsọtụ efere mgbaàmà iji mee okirikiri oghere dị n'otu radian n'ime na n'èzí okirikiri abụọ nke oghere ìhè. N'ime ha, a na-eji oghere doro anya 360 (oghere) mee mgbanaka mpụta, radian nke oge ahụ bụkwa 1. (Oghere transparent ruru 0.5., oghere ndò ruru 0.5.), nke ejiri mepụta ntụgharị crankshaft na mgbaàmà ọsọ; Enwere oghere doro anya 6 (rectangular L) na mgbanaka dị n'ime, yana oge nke radian 60. , a na-eji ya emepụta akara TDC nke silinda ọ bụla, n'ime ya enwere akụkụ anọ nwere akụkụ sara mbara dị ntakịrị ogologo maka imepụta akara TDC nke silinda 1. A na-edozi ihe na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà na ebe a na-edebe ihe mmetụta, nke mejupụtara ihe na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà Ne (ọsọ na akara nkuku), ihe na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà G (elu akara etiti nwụrụ anwụ) na sekit nhazi ihe mgbaàmà. Ihe na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà Ne na ihe na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà G bụ diode na-ewepụta ìhè (LED) na transistor fotosensitive (ma ọ bụ diode fotosensitive), LED abụọ na-eche ihu ozugbo transistor fotosensitive abụọ ahụ n'otu n'otu. Ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke Diski mgbaàmà a na-etinye n'etiti diode na-ewepụta ìhè (LED) na transistor fotosensitive (ma ọ bụ photodiode). Mgbe oghere transmittance ìhè na diski mgbaàmà na-agbagharị n'etiti LED na transistor fotosensitive, ìhè nke LED na-ewepụta ga-enwu transistor fotosensitive, n'oge a transistor fotosensitive dị, ihe na-anakọta ya na-ewepụta ọkwa dị ala (0.1 ~ O. 3V); Mgbe akụkụ ndò nke diski mgbaàmà na-agbagharị n'etiti LED na transistor fotosensitive, ìhè nke THE LED na-ewepụta enweghị ike inye transistor fotosensitive ìhè, n'oge a, a ga-akwụsị transistor fotosensitive, onye na-anakọta ya na-ewepụta ọkwa dị elu (4.8 ~ 5.2V). Ọ bụrụ na diski mgbaàmà ahụ anọgide na-agbagharị, oghere transmittance na akụkụ shading ga-atụgharị LED ahụ gaa na transmittance ma ọ bụ shading, onye na-anakọta transistor fotosensitive ga-ewepụta ọkwa dị elu na nke dị ala n'otu oge. Mgbe axis sensọ nwere crankshaft na camshaft na-agbagharị na, oghere ìhè mgbaàmà na efere na akụkụ shading n'etiti LED na transistor fotosensitive na-atụgharị, efere mgbaàmà ìhè LED nke dị n'ihu ìhè na mmetụta shading ga-agbanwe radieshon na onye na-emepụta mgbaàmà nke transistor fotosensitive, a na-emepụta akara sensọ na ọnọdụ crankshaft na camshaft kwekọrọ na akara pulse. Ebe ọ bụ na crankshaft na-agbagharị ugboro abụọ, ogwe sensọ na-agbagharị mgbaàmà ahụ otu ugboro, yabụ ihe mmetụta mgbaàmà G ga-emepụta pulse isii. Ihe mmetụta mgbaàmà Ne ga-emepụta akara pulse 360. N'ihi na oge radian nke oghere na-ebunye ìhè nke mgbaàmà G bụ 60. Na 120 kwa ntụgharị nke crankshaft. Ọ na-emepụta mgbaàmà mkpali, yabụ a na-akpọkarị mgbaàmà G 120. Mgbaàmà ahụ. Nkwa nrụnye imewe 120. Mgbaàmà 70 tupu TDC. (BTDC70., na mgbaàmà nke oghere ahụ na-enwu enwu nke nwere obosara akụkụ anọ dị ogologo karịa kwekọrọ na 70 tupu etiti elu nke silinda injin 1. Ka ECU wee nwee ike ijikwa ntụtụ ahụ na-aga n'ihu Angle na mgbanye ọkụ na-aga n'ihu Angle. N'ihi na oge radian oghere nnyefe mgbaàmà Ne bụ 1. (Oghere transparent ruru 0.5., oghere ndò ruru 0.5.), yabụ na okirikiri mkpali ọ bụla, ọkwa dị elu na ọkwa dị ala na-aza maka 1 n'otu n'otu. Ntụgharị crankshaft, akara 360 na-egosi ntụgharị crankshaft 720. Ntụgharị ọ bụla nke crankshaft bụ 120., ihe mmetụta mgbaàmà G na-emepụta otu mgbaàmà, ihe mmetụta mgbaàmà Ne na-emepụta akara 60. Ụdị ntinye magnetik Enwere ike kewaa ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ induction magnetik n'ụdị Hall na ụdị magnetoelectric. Nke mbụ na-eji mmetụta hall iji mepụta akara ọnọdụ yana amplifier edobere, dịka egosiri na Foto 1. Nke ikpeazụ na-eji ụkpụrụ nke induction magnetik iji mepụta akara ọnọdụ nke amplifier ya dị iche na ugboro ole. Amplifier ya dị iche na ọsọ site na ọtụtụ narị millivolts ruo ọtụtụ narị volts, na amplifier Nke a na-agbanwe nke ukwuu. Ihe ndị a bụ okwu mmalite zuru ezu maka ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke ihe mmetụta:Usoro ọrụ nkeỤzọ nke ahịrị ike magnetik na-agafe bụ oghere ikuku dị n'etiti ogidi magnet N na-adịgide adịgide na rotor, ezé rotor salient, oghere ikuku dị n'etiti ezé rotor salient na isi magnet stator, isi magnetik, efere nduzi magnetik na ogidi magnet S na-adịgide adịgide. Mgbe rotor mgbaama na-agbagharị, oghere ikuku dị na sekit magnetik ga-agbanwe mgbe niile, nguzogide magnetik nke sekit magnetik na mmiri magnetik site na isi coil mgbaama ga-agbanwe mgbe niile. Dịka ụkpụrụ nke ntinye electromagnetic si dị, a ga-akpali ike electromotive na-agbanwe agbanwe na coil sensọ. Mgbe rotor mgbaama na-agbagharị n'akụkụ aka nri, oghere ikuku dị n'etiti ezé rotor convex na isi magnetik na-ebelata, nkwụsịtụ sekit magnetik na-ebelata, mmiri magnetik φ na-abawanye, ọnụego mgbanwe flux na-abawanye (dφ/dt>0), ike electromotive nke a kpaliri E dị mma (E>0). Mgbe ezé convex nke rotor dị nso na nsọtụ isi magnetik, mmiri magnetik φ na-abawanye nke ukwuu, ọnụego mgbanwe flux bụ nke kachasị ukwuu [D φ/dt=(dφ/dt) Max], ike electromotive nke a kpaliri E bụkwa nke kachasị elu (E=Emax). Mgbe rotor tụgharịrị gburugburu ọnọdụ nke isi ihe B, ọ bụ ezie na magnet flux φ ka na-abawanye, mana ọnụego mgbanwe nke magnet flux na-ebelata, yabụ ike electromotive nke a kpaliri E na-ebelata. Mgbe rotor tụgharịrị gaa n'ahịrị etiti nke ezé convex na ahịrị etiti nke isi magnet, ọ bụ ezie na oghere ikuku dị n'etiti ezé convex rotor na isi magnet bụ nke kacha nta, nguzogide magnet nke sekit magnet bụ nke kacha nta, na magnet flux φ bụ nke kachasị ukwuu, mana n'ihi na magnet flux enweghị ike ịnọgide na-abawanye, ọnụego mgbanwe nke magnet flux bụ efu, yabụ ike electromotive nke a kpaliri E bụ efu. Mgbe rotor nọgidere na-atụgharị n'akụkụ aka nri na ezé convex na-ahapụ isi magnet, oghere ikuku dị n'etiti ezé convex na isi magnet na-abawanye, njụgharị sekit magnet na-abawanye, na magnet flux na-ebelata (dφ/dt< 0), yabụ ike electrodynamic nke a kpaliri E na-adịghị mma. Mgbe Ezé convex na-atụgharị gaa n'ọnụ nke ịhapụ isi magnet, mmiri magnet φ na-ebelata nke ukwuu, ọnụego mgbanwe flux na-eru oke adịghị mma [D φ/df=-(dφ/dt) Max], ike electromotive nke a kpaliri E na-erukwa oke adịghị mma (E= -emax). Ya mere, a pụrụ ịhụ na oge ọ bụla rotor mgbaàmà tụgharịrị ezé convex, ihe mmetụta ga-emepụta ike electromotive na-agbanwe agbanwe oge niile, ya bụ, ike electromotive na-apụta oke na uru kacha nta, ihe mmetụta ga-ewepụta akara voltaji mgbanwe kwekọrọ. Uru pụrụ iche nke ihe mmetụta induction magnet bụ na ọ chọghị ọkọnọ ike mpụga, magnet na-adịgide adịgide na-arụ ọrụ nke ịtụgharị ike mekaniki ka ọ bụrụ ike eletriki, ike magnet ya agaghịkwa efu. Mgbe ọsọ injin gbanwere, ọsọ ntụgharị nke ezé convex nke rotor ga-agbanwe, ọnụego mgbanwe flux na isi ga-agbanwekwa. Ka ọsọ dị elu, otú ahụ ka ọnụego mgbanwe flux ka ukwuu, otú ahụ ka ike electromotive induction dị elu na ihe mmetụta. Ebe ọ bụ na oghere ikuku dị n'etiti ezé convex rotor na isi magnet na-emetụta magnet ozugbo. Nguzogide nke sekit magnetik na voltaji mmepụta nke eriri sensọ, oghere ikuku dị n'etiti ezé rotor convex na isi magnetik agaghị agbanwe dịka ịchọrọ. Ọ bụrụ na oghere ikuku agbanwee, a ga-agbanwerịrị ya dịka ndokwa ndị ahụ si dị. A na-emepụta oghere ikuku n'ime oke 0.2 ~ 0.4mm.2) Ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ crankshaft nke ụgbọala Jetta, Santana magnetic induction magnetic magnetic 1) Atụmatụ nhazi nke ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ crankshaft: A na-etinye ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ crankshaft nke Jetta AT, GTX na Santana 2000GSi na cylinder block dị nso na clutch na crankcase, nke mejupụtara ihe na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà na rotor signal. A na-ejikọta ihe na-emepụta ihe mgbaàmà na block engine ma nwee magnet na-adịgide adịgide, ihe na-emepụta ihe mmetụta, na ihe nkwụnye waya. A na-akpọkwa ihe na-emepụta ihe mmetụta, a na-ejikọkwa isi magnetik na magnet na-adịgide adịgide. Isi magnetik dị kpọmkwem n'akụkụ rotor mgbaàmà ụdị diski ezé nke etinyere na crankshaft, a na-ejikọkwa isi magnetik na yok magnetik (efere nduzi magnetik) iji mepụta eriri nduzi magnetik. Rotor mgbaàmà ahụ bụ ụdị diski nwere ezé, yana ezé convex 58, obere ezé 57 na otu ezé ukwu nke dị n'otu ebe n'akụkụ ya. Ezé ukwu enweghị akara ntụaka mmepụta, nke kwekọrọ na silinda engine 1 ma ọ bụ cylinder 4 compression TDC tupu Angle ụfọdụ. Radian nke ezé ukwu hà nhata nke ezé convex abụọ na obere ezé atọ. N'ihi na rotor mgbaàmà na-agbagharị na crankshaft, crankshaft na-agbagharịkwa otu ugboro (360). , rotor mgbaàmà na-agbagharịkwa otu ugboro (360). , yabụ ntụgharị crankshaft Akụkụ nke ezé convex na ntụpọ ezé bi na gburugburu nke rotor mgbaàmà bụ 360. , ntụgharị crankshaft Akụkụ nke ezé convex ọ bụla na obere ezé bụ 3. (58 x 3. 57 x + 3. = 345). , Akuku crankshaft nke nwere nnukwu ntụpọ ezé bụ 15. (2 x 3. + 3 x3. = 15). .2) ọnọdụ ọrụ sensọ ọnọdụ crankshaft: mgbe sensọ ọnọdụ crankshaft nwere crankshaft na-agbagharị, ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke sensọ induction magnet, akara nke rotor nke ọ bụla na-atụgharị ezé convex, eriri sensọ ga-emepụta emf mgbanwe oge (ike electromotive na oke na opekempe), eriri na-ewepụta akara voltaji mgbanwe dịka o kwesịrị. N'ihi na a na-enye rotor mgbaàmà nnukwu ezé iji mepụta akara ntụaka, yabụ mgbe ezé ukwu ahụ tụgharịrị isi magnet, voltaji mgbaàmà na-ewe ogologo oge, ya bụ, akara mmepụta bụ akara pulse sara mbara, nke kwekọrọ na Angle ụfọdụ tupu cylinder 1 ma ọ bụ cylinder 4 compression TDC. Mgbe unit njikwa eletrọnịkị (ECU) natara akara pulse sara mbara, ọ nwere ike ịma na ọnọdụ TDC kachasị elu nke cylinder 1 ma ọ bụ 4 na-abịa. Banyere ọnọdụ TDC na-abịa nke cylinder 1 ma ọ bụ 4, ọ dị mkpa ikpebi dịka ntinye mgbaàmà si na sensọ ọnọdụ camshaft si dị. Ebe ọ bụ na rotor mgbaàmà nwere ezé convex iri ise na asatọ, eriri sensọ ga-emepụta akara voltaji mgbanwe iri ise na asatọ maka mgbanwe ọ bụla nke rotor mgbaàmà (otu mgbanwe nke crankshaft injin). Oge ọ bụla rotor mgbaàmà na-agbagharị n'akụkụ crankshaft injin, eriri sensọ na-enye pulses iri ise na asatọ n'ime ngalaba njikwa eletrọniki (ECU). Ya mere, maka akara 58 ọ bụla nke sensọ ọnọdụ crankshaft natara, ECU maara na crankshaft injin ahụ agbagharịala otu ugboro. Ọ bụrụ na ECU enweta akara 116000 site na sensọ ọnọdụ crankshaft n'ime nkeji 1, ECU nwere ike ịgbakọ na ọsọ crankshaft n bụ 2000(n=116000/58=2000)r/mmiri ozuzo; Ọ bụrụ na ECU enweta akara 290,000 kwa nkeji site na sensọ ọnọdụ crankshaft, ECU na-agbakọ ọsọ crank nke 5000(n= 29000/58 =5000)r/min. N'ụzọ dị otu a, ECU nwere ike ịgbakọ ọsọ nke ntụgharị crankshaft dabere na ọnụọgụ nke akara mkpali natara kwa nkeji site na ihe mmetụta ọnọdụ crankshaft. Ihe mgbaàmà ọsọ injin na akara ibu bụ ihe mgbaàmà njikwa kachasị mkpa na nke bụ isi nke sistemụ njikwa eletrọniki, ECU nwere ike ịgbakọ paramita njikwa atọ dịka ihe mgbaàmà abụọ a si dị: Angle injection basic (oge), Angle injection basic (oge) na Angle conduction (oge ọkụ ọkụ na-agba ọkụ n'oge). Jetta AT na GTx, ụdị induction magnetic nke Santana 2000GSi nke ihe mgbaàmà ahụ mepụtara dị ka ihe mgbaàmà ntụaka, njikwa ECU nke oge ntinye mmanụ ọkụ na oge ọkụ dabere na ihe mgbaàmà nke ihe mgbaàmà ahụ mepụtara. Mgbe ECu natara akara nke nnukwu ntụpọ ezé mepụtara, ọ na-achịkwa oge mgbanye ọkụ, oge ntinye mmanụ ọkụ na oge mgbanwe isi nke eriri ọkụ ọkụ (ya bụ, akụkụ nduzi) dịka obere akara ntụpọ ezé si dị.3) Toyota car TCCS magnetic induction crankshaft na camshaft position sensorToyota Computer Control System (1FCCS) na-eji magnetik induction crankshaft na camshaft position sensor emezigharịrị site na onye nkesa, nke nwere akụkụ elu na ala. A na-ekewa akụkụ elu n'ime akara ntụaka ọnọdụ crankshaft nchọpụta (ya bụ njirimara cylinder na akara TDC, nke a maara dị ka signal G); A na-ekewa akụkụ ala n'ime ọsọ crankshaft na generator nkuku (a na-akpọ signal Ne).1) Njirimara nhazi nke generator signal: A na-etinye generator signal n'okpuru generator signal G, nke mejupụtara rotor signal No. 2, Ne sensor coil na magnetic head. A na-edozi rotor signal n'elu ogwe sensọ, camshaft nkesa gas na-akwali ogwe sensọ, njedebe elu nke ogwe ahụ nwere isi ọkụ, rotor nwere ezé convex 24. A na-edozi eriri mmetụta na isi magnet n'ime ebe a na-ahụ maka ihe mmetụta, a na-edozikwa isi magnet n'ime eriri mmetụta.2) ọsọ na usoro nhazi akara nkuku: mgbe crankshaft injin, akara valve camshaft sensọ, wee kwọọ ntụgharị rotor, rotor na-apụta ezé na oghere ikuku n'etiti isi magnet na-agbanwe n'otu ụzọ, sensọ coil na flux magnet na-agbanwe n'otu ụzọ, mgbe ahụ ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke sensọ induction magnet na-egosi na na sensọ coil nwere ike imepụta ike electromotive inductive ọzọ. N'ihi na rotor mgbaàmà nwere ezé convex 24, sensọ coil ga-emepụta akara mgbanwe 24 mgbe rotor na-agbagharị otu ugboro. Mgbanwe ọ bụla nke ogwe sensọ (360). Nke a bụ nhata mgbanwe abụọ nke crankshaft injin (720). , yabụ mgbaàmà mgbanwe (ya bụ oge mgbaàmà) hà nhata ntụgharị crank nke 30. (720. Ugbu a 24 = 30). , hà nhata ntụgharị nke isi ọkụ 15. (30. Ugbu a 2 = 15). . Mgbe ECU natara akara iri abụọ na anọ site na ihe na-emepụta akara Ne, a pụrụ ịmata na crankshaft na-agbagharị ugboro abụọ, isi mgbanye ahụ na-agbagharịkwa otu ugboro. Mmemme ime ECU nwere ike ịgbakọ ma chọpụta ọsọ crankshaft injin na ọsọ isi mgbanye dịka oge nke usoro mgbanye akara Ne ọ bụla si dị. Iji chịkwaa ọganihu ọkụ ọkụ nke ọma Angle na mmanụ ọkụ na-agba n'ihu Angle, Angle crankshaft nke okirikiri mgbaàmà ọ bụla na-ejide (30. Nkuku ndị ahụ pere mpe. Ọ dị nnọọ mfe iji microcomputer rụzuo ọrụ a, onye nkewa ugboro ugboro ga-egosikwa Ne ọ bụla (Angle crank 30). A na-ekewa ya n'otu aka ahụ na akara mkpali 30, akara mkpali ọ bụla dịkwa ka Angle crank 1. (30. Ugbu a 30 = 1). . Ọ bụrụ na e kewara akara Ne ọ bụla n'otu aka ahụ na akara mkpali 60, akara mkpali ọ bụla kwekọrọ na Angle crankshaft nke 0.5. (30. ÷60 = 0.5. . A na-ekpebi ntọala kpọmkwem site na ihe achọrọ maka nhazi Angle na nhazi mmemme.3) Njirimara nhazi nke G signal generator: A na-eji G signal generator achọpụta ọnọdụ nke piston top dead center (TDC) ma chọpụta cylinder nke na-achọ iru ọnọdụ TDC na akara ntụaka ndị ọzọ. Ya mere, a na-akpọkwa G signal generator a na-akpọ cylinder recognition na top dead center signal generator ma ọ bụ reference signal generator. G signal generator nwere No. 1 signal rotor, sensing coil G1, G2 na magnetik Isi, wdg. Rotor mgbaàmà ahụ nwere flanges abụọ ma kwụsie ike na ogwe sensọ. A na-ekewa eriri sensọ G1 na G2 site na ogo 180. Mgbe etinyere ya, eriri G1 na-emepụta akara kwekọrọ na etiti cylinder nke isii nke injin ahụ. 10. Mgbaàmà nke G2 coil mepụtara kwekọrọ na lO tupu mkpakọ TDC nke silinda mbụ nke injin ahụ. 4) Nchọpụta silinda na usoro mmepụta akara etiti nwụrụ anwụ na njikwa: ụkpụrụ ọrụ nke jenereta mgbaàmà G bụ otu ihe ahụ nke jenereta mgbaàmà Ne. Mgbe camshaft injin na-akwali ogwe sensọ ka ọ tụgharịa, flange nke rotor mgbaàmà G (rotor mgbaàmà nke 1) na-agafe isi magnetik nke eriri mmetụta ahụ n'otu ụzọ, oghere ikuku dị n'etiti flange rotor na isi magnetik na-agbanwe n'otu ụzọ, a ga-akpalikwa akara ike electromotive na eriri mmetụta Gl na G2. Mgbe akụkụ flange nke rotor mgbaàmà G dị nso na isi magnetik nke coil sensọ G1, a na-emepụta akara mkpali dị mma na coil sensọ G1, nke a na-akpọ akara G1, n'ihi na oghere ikuku dị n'etiti flange na isi magnetik na-ebelata, flux magnet na-abawanye na ọnụego mgbanwe flux magnetik na-adị mma. Mgbe akụkụ flange nke rotor mgbaàmà G dị nso na coil sensọ G2, oghere ikuku dị n'etiti flange na isi magnetik na-ebelata, flux magnet na-abawanye