N'ime usoro ịkwọ ụgbọala, ụgbọala kwesịrị ịgbanwe ụzọ ịkwọ ụgbọala ya ugboro ugboro dịka uche onye ọkwọ ụgbọala si dị, nke bụ ihe a na-akpọ steering ụgbọala. Banyere ụgbọala nwere wiil, ụzọ isi ghọta steering ụgbọala ahụ bụ na onye ọkwọ ụgbọala na-eme ka wiil (wheel steering) dị na steering axle (na-abụkarị axle ihu) nke ụgbọala ahụ gbanwee akụkụ ụfọdụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere axis ogologo nke ụgbọala ahụ site na otu usoro emebere nke ọma. Mgbe ụgbọala ahụ na-anya n'ahịrị kwụ ọtọ, ike nnyonye anya nke elu ụzọ na-emetụta wiil steering, ma na-agbanwe onwe ya ozugbo iji gbanwee ntụziaka ịkwọ ụgbọala. N'oge a, onye ọkwọ ụgbọala nwekwara ike iji usoro a gbagọrọ ụkwụ steering ahụ gaa n'akụkụ nke ọzọ, iji weghachi ntụziaka ịkwọ ụgbọala mbụ nke ụgbọala ahụ. A na-akpọ otu ụlọ ọrụ pụrụ iche a na-eji agbanwe ma ọ bụ weghachi ntụziaka ịkwọ ụgbọala nke ụgbọala ahụ sistemụ steering ụgbọala (nke a na-akpọkarị sistemụ steering ụgbọala). Ya mere, ọrụ nke sistemụ steering ụgbọala bụ iji hụ na enwere ike iduzi ma duru ụgbọala ahụ dịka uche onye ọkwọ ụgbọala si dị. [1]
Mgbasa ozi nhazi ụkpụrụ owuwu
E kewara sistemụ ịnya ụgbọala ụzọ abụọ: sistemụ ịnya ụgbọala na sistemụ ịnya ụgbọala.
Sistemụ nrụzi igwe
Sistemụ nrụgharị igwe na-eji ike anụ ahụ nke onye ọkwọ ụgbọala dị ka ike nrụgharị, ebe akụkụ nrụgharị ike niile bụ igwe. Sistemụ nrụgharị igwe nwere akụkụ atọ: usoro njikwa nrụgharị, gia nrụgharị na usoro nnyefe nrụgharị.
Foto nke 1 na-egosi eserese eserese nke nhazi na nhazi nke sistemụ nhazi igwe. Mgbe ụgbọala ahụ tụgharịrị, onye ọkwọ ụgbọala na-etinye ike nhazi na wiil 1. A na-etinye ike nhazi a na gia 5 site na ogwe aka 2, njikọ 3 na ogwe aka nnyefe 4. A na-ebufe ike nhazi nke gia stiring na mmegharị mgbe mbelata gasịrị na ogwe aka stiring rocker 6, wee bufee ya na ogwe aka stiring 8 nke edobere na mkpịsị aka stiring 9 site na mkpanaka stiring 7 kwụ ọtọ, nke mere na a na-ebufe ike nhazi aka ekpe na mkpịsị aka stiring aka ekpe ọ na-akwado. A na-agbagharị wiil stiring. Iji gbagọrọ aka nri stiring 13 na wiil stiring aka nri ọ na-akwado site na akụkụ kwekọrọ, a na-enyekwa trapezoid stiring. Trapezoid stiring mejupụtara ogwe aka trapezoidal 10 na 12 nke edobere na mkpịsị aka stiring aka ekpe na aka nri na mkpanaka tai stiring 11 nke njedebe ya jikọtara na ogwe aka trapezoidal site na njikọ bọọlụ.
Foto 1. Ihe osise eserese nke nhazi na nhazi nke sistemụ nhazi igwe.
Foto 1. Ihe osise eserese nke nhazi na nhazi nke sistemụ nhazi igwe.
Usoro ihe mejupụtara na akụkụ site na wiilụ steering ruo na ogwe nnyefe steering bụ nke usoro njikwa steering. Usoro ihe mejupụtara na akụkụ (ewezuga mkpịsị aka steering) site na ogwe aka steering ruo na trapezoid steering bụ nke usoro nnyefe steering.
sistemụ nduzi ike
Sistemụ njikwa ike bụ sistemụ njikwa nke na-eji ike anụ ahụ nke onye ọkwọ ụgbọala na ike injin dị ka ike njikwa. N'ọnọdụ nkịtị, naanị obere akụkụ nke ike achọrọ maka njikwa ụgbọala ka onye ọkwọ ụgbọala na-enye, ọtụtụ n'ime ya na-esite na injin ahụ site na ngwaọrụ njikwa ike. Agbanyeghị, mgbe ngwaọrụ njikwa ike dara, onye ọkwọ ụgbọala kwesịrị inwe ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ịnya ụgbọala n'onwe ya. Ya mere, a na-emepụta sistemụ njikwa ike site na ịgbakwunye ngwaọrụ njikwa ike dabere na sistemụ njikwa igwe.
Maka ụgbọala dị arọ nke nwere oke ibu karịrị t iri ise, ozugbo ngwaọrụ njikwa ike dara, ike onye ọkwọ ụgbọala na-etinye na mkpịsị aka njikwa site na ụgbọ okporo ígwè igwe ezughi oke iji gbapụ wiil ahụ iji nweta nduzi. Ya mere, njikwa ike nke ụgbọala ndị dị otú ahụ kwesịrị ịbụ ihe a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi karịsịa.
Foto nke 2. Ihe osise eserese nke ihe mejupụtara sistemụ ike hydraulic
Foto nke 2. Ihe osise eserese nke ihe mejupụtara sistemụ ike hydraulic
FIG. 2 bụ eserese eserese nke na-egosi nhazi nke sistemụ njikwa ike hydraulic na nhazi paịpụ nke ngwaọrụ njikwa ike hydraulic. Ihe ndị dị na ngwaọrụ njikwa ike bụ: tankị mmanụ steerị 9, ọkpọ mmanụ steerị 10, valvụ njikwa steerị 5 na silinda ike steerị 12. Mgbe onye ọkwọ ụgbọala tụgharịrị wiil steerị 1 megide elekere (steerị aka ekpe), ogwe aka rocker steerị 7 na-adụ mkpanaka steerị 6 ka ọ gaa n'ihu. Ike ndọda nke mkpanaka taị kwụ ọtọ na-arụ ọrụ na ogwe aka steerị 4, a na-ebuga ya na ogwe aka trapezoidal 3 na mkpanaka taị steree 11 n'otu aka, nke mere na ọ na-aga n'aka nri. N'otu oge ahụ, mkpanaka steerị kwụ ọtọ na-adụkwa valvụ sleerị na valvụ njikwa steerị 5, nke mere na a ga-ejikọ ọnụ ụlọ aka nri nke silinda ike steerị 12 na tankị mmanụ steerị na enweghị nrụgide elu mmiri. Mmanụ dị elu nke ọkpọ mmanụ 10 na-abanye n'ime oghere aka ekpe nke silinda ike ịnya isi, ya mere ike hydraulic nke aka nri dị na piston nke silinda ike ịnya isi na-etinye na mkpanaka tai 11 site na mkpanaka push, nke na-emekwa ka ọ gaa n'aka nri. N'ụzọ dị otu a, obere ike ịnya isi nke onye ọkwọ ụgbọala na-etinye na wiilụ ike ịnya isi nwere ike imeri ike iguzogide ịnya isi nke na-arụ ọrụ na wiilụ ike ịnya isi n'ala.
