N'ime usoro ịnya ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ ala kwesịrị ịgbanwe ụzọ ụgbọ ala ya ugboro ugboro dị ka uche onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala si dị, nke a na-akpọ steering ụgbọ ala. N'ihe gbasara ụgbọ ala ndị na-agbagharị agbagharị, ụzọ isi ghọta ụzọ ụgbọ ala ahụ bụ na onye na-anya ụgbọ ala na-eme ka wiil (steering wheel) na steering axle (na-emekarị axle n'ihu) nke ụgbọ ahụ na-atụgharị akụkụ ụfọdụ n'akụkụ axis longitudinal. nke ụgbọ ala site na usoro nke ahaziri nke ọma. Mgbe ụgbọ ala ahụ na-anya n'ahịrị kwụ ọtọ, steeịnụ na-enwekarị mmetụta n'akụkụ nnyonye anya nke elu ụzọ, ma na-atụgharị ozugbo ịgbanwe ụzọ ịkwọ ụgbọala. N'oge a, onye na-anya ụgbọ ala nwekwara ike iji usoro a na-atụgharị steering wheel n'akụkụ nke ọzọ, ka iweghachite ụzọ ụgbọ ala mbụ nke ụgbọ ala ahụ. Otu ụlọ ọrụ pụrụ iche a na-eji agbanwe ma ọ bụ weghachi ntụzịaka ụgbọ ala ka a na-akpọ sistemu ịkwọ ụgbọ ala (nke a na-akpọkarị ụgbọ ala ụgbọ ala). Ya mere, ọrụ nke sistemu ụgbọ ala bụ iji hụ na enwere ike ịkwọ ụgbọ ala na ịnya ụgbọ ala dịka uche onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala si dị. [1]
Mwube ụkpụrụ edezi mgbasa ozi
E kewara sistemu ịkwọ ụgbọ ala ụzọ abụọ: sistemu ịkwọ ụgbọ ala na sistemu ịkwọ ọkụ.
Usoro nhazi igwe
Usoro nhazi igwe na-eji ike anụ ahụ nke onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala dị ka ike nchịkwa, nke akụkụ niile nke nnyefe ike na-arụ ọrụ. Usoro ihe eji eme ihe nwere akụkụ atọ: usoro nchịkwa nchịkwa, ihe nchịkwa na usoro nnyefe.
Onyonyo 1 na-egosi eserese schematic nke mejupụtara na nhazi nke sistemu ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri. Mgbe ụgbọ ala ahụ na-atụgharị, onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala na-etinye steering torque na steering wheel 1 . Nke a na-agba ọsọ bụ ntinye aka na ngwo ihe eji eme ihe 5 site na stering shaft 2, stering universal joint 3 na steering nnyefe aro 4. The torque na-amụba site stering gia na ngagharị mgbe deceleration na-ebunye na steering rocker ogwe aka 6, wee bufee ya na steering knuckle ogwe aka 8 edozi na aka ekpe stewed 9 site n'aka nri ogologo mkpanaka 7, nke mere na aka ekpe steering knuckle. na aka ekpe steroid ọ na-akwado na-ebufe. Ntugharị ụgbọ ala tụgharịrị. Iji mee ka ọkpụkpụ aka nri dị mma 13 na ụkwụ aka nri ọ na-akwado site na akụkụ kwekọrọ, a na-enyekwa trapezoid steering. Ntugharị trapezoid bụ nke trapezoidal ogwe aka 10 na 12 na-edozi n'aka ekpe na aka nri na mkpịsị aka 11 nke njedebe ya na-ejikọta ya na trapezoidal ogwe aka site na bọl.
Onyonyo 1 Eserese atụmatụ nke nhazi na nhazi nke sistemu ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri
Onyonyo 1 Eserese atụmatụ nke nhazi na nhazi nke sistemu ịkwọ ụgbọ mmiri
Usoro ihe dị iche iche na akụkụ site na steering wheel ruo n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-ebugharị bụ nke usoro nchịkwa nchịkwa. Usoro nke akụkụ na akụkụ (ewezuga mkpịsị ụkwụ steering) site na ogwe aka rocker ruo trapezoid steering bụ nke usoro nnyefe ihe.
usoro njikwa ike
Sistemụ njikwa ike bụ sistemu steering nke na-eji ma ike anụ ahụ nke onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala yana ike injin dị ka ike njikwa. N'okpuru ọnọdụ nkịtị, ọ bụ naanị obere akụkụ nke ike achọrọ maka ịkwọ ụgbọ ala na-enye onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala, ọtụtụ n'ime ya na-enyekwa ya site na injin site na ngwaọrụ njikwa ike. Agbanyeghị, mgbe ngwaọrụ ịkwọ ụgbọ ala daa, onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala ga-enwekwa ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ịkwọ ụgbọ ala n'onwe ya. Ya mere, a na-emepụta usoro nchịkwa ike site n'ịgbakwụnye otu ngwaọrụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ ike na-adabere na usoro nhazi igwe.
Maka ụgbọ ala dị arọ nke nwere oke ihe karịrị 50t, ozugbo ngwaọrụ ịkwọ ụgbọ ala daa, ike nke onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala tinye n'ime eriri ụgbọ ala site na ụgbọ oloko igwe anaghị ezuru iji gbanahụ steering wheel iji nweta steering. . Ya mere, njikwa ike nke ụgbọ ala ndị dị otú ahụ kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi karịsịa.
Onyonyo 2 Eserese atụmatụ nke ihe mejupụtara nke sistemu ike hydraulic
Onyonyo 2 Eserese atụmatụ nke ihe mejupụtara nke sistemu ike hydraulic
FIG. 2 bụ eserese schematic nke na-egosi nhazi nke sistemu ike hydraulic na nhazi ọkpọkọ nke ngwaọrụ ụgbọ mmiri hydraulic. Ihe ndị dị na ngwaọrụ nrụnye ọkụ bụ: tank mmanụ ụgbọ mmiri 9, mgbapụta mmanụ mmanụ 10, valvụ njikwa valvụ 5 na ike cylinder 12. Mgbe onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala tụgharịrị steering wheel 1 n'akụkụ elekere aka ekpe, steering rocker ogwe aka 7 na-ebugharị mkpanaka kwụ ọtọ 6 ka ọ gaa n'ihu. Ike ịdọrọ nke eriri eriri kwụ ọtọ na-arụ ọrụ na mkpịsị aka aka 4, ma na-ebufe ya na trapezoidal ogwe aka 3 na stering tie stick 11 n'aka nke ya, nke mere na ọ na-aga n'aka nri. N'otu oge ahụ, mkpanaka kwụ ọtọ na-ebugharị valvụ slide na valvụ njikwa njikwa 5, nke mere na ọnụ ụlọ ziri ezi nke cylinder ike 12 jikọtara ya na mmanụ ụgbọ mmiri na-ebugharị mmiri mmiri efu. Mmanụ mmanụ dị elu nke mgbapụta mmanụ 10 na-abanye n'ime oghere aka ekpe nke cylinder ike nchịkwa, ya mere ikike hydraulic nke ziri ezi na piston nke cylinder na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ na eriri 11 site na mkpịsị aka, nke na-emekwa ka ọ na-eme ya. gaa n'aka nri. N'ụzọ dị otú a, obere ihe nrịbama nke onye na-akwọ ụgbọala na-etinye na steeịlụ nwere ike imeri ihe mgbochi nke na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ na-arụ ọrụ n'elu ala.
